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When we think about society, there is often a stark...

When we think about society, there is often a stark contrast between the controversy projected in the media that our society faces, and the mellow, safe view we have of our own smaller, more tangible, ‘local’ society. This leads us to believe that our way of life is protected, and our rights secured by that concept of society that has been fabricated and built upon. However, what if society were not what we perceive it to be, and the government chose to exercise its power in an oppressive manner? As a society we would like to think that we are above such cruelty, yet as The Lonely Crossing of Juan Cabrera by J. Joaquin Fraxedas recounts the state of Cuba in the 1990’s, we must also remember that all societies and governments view the†¦show more content†¦Juan vividly recalled the image of â€Å"the red and white splatter as a bullet smashed into Andres’s skull, scattering pieces of his brain on the water.† (Fraxedas 23). Andres lost his lif e doing something that could be perceived in numerous different ways. The severity of breaking the statuesque is primarily a matter of perception, and as seen in this book, the government often determines the perspective that its society sees and is exposed to. As the story progresses, the examples of risks change from those of the society rejected, to those that an individual faces when they do not belong to a society at all. There is safety in numbers and power in a group. Juan and Raul braved the fierce weather conditions without any protection that a vessel made by a larger group would offer, food that society could provide had to be left far behind, and yet, worst of all, after living the last few days of his life in these hellish conditions, Raul fell victim to the most primitive risk of all. It is almost like Raul knew it was going to happen, as if his demise was inevitable. At one point he voiced his concerns to Juan, uttering â€Å"I felt like I was never going to see land again.† (Fraxedas 51). Death by nature is not something that is considered to be a major risk from within the well-structured walls of safety that a society provides, and yet the absence of medical facilities, modern weapons, protection, or communication c an pose a major riskShow MoreRelatedThe Lonely Crossing of Juan Cabrera by Joaquin Fraxedas762 Words   |  3 PagesWhen we think about society there is often a stark contrast between the controversy projected in our media about the issues that our society faces and the mellow, safe view we have of our own smaller, more tangible ‘local’ society. This leads us to believe that our way of life is protected and our rights secured by that concept of society that has been fabricated and built upon during the course of our short lives. However, what if society were not what we perceive it to be, and the government choseRead MoreRacism in Disney Movies Essay5488 Words   |  22 Pagescreated especially for children can indoctrinate entire generations. Disney movies, like all other media â€Å"are powerful vehicles for certain notions about our culture,† such as racism. (Giroux 32). Racist scenes in Disney movies are often identified as simply being â€Å"symbols of th e time† when the films were produced. Furthermore, Disney racism is often passed over as simple humor, or as a simple guide to childrens understanding of cultures. These explanations of racism in the films are incompleteRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesshould we understand the organization? Jan Ole Similà ¤, Assistant Professor, Nord-Trà ¸ndelag University College, Norway I really enjoyed this new text and I am sure my students will enjoy it, too. It combines rigorous theoretical argument with application and consideration of how managment practice is formed and shaped by ideas and concepts. The authors have brought their wealth of experience and understanding and provided the field with an imaginative resource to address the dynamics between theoryRead MoreLanguage and the Destiny of Man12402 Words   |  50 Pagesdid not originate with Descartes; it was formulated much earlier, and repeated by a disciple of Descartes’, Henry Leroy, known as Regius. When Descartes became aware of this bizarre interpretation he was dismayed and sought to clarify the matter. He sought to distinguish between two terms, â€Å"distinction† and â€Å"separation† and to illuminate the relationship between body and soul at three different levels, i.e. ordinary experience, analytical mind and metaphysical meditation. Eventually, he embraced theRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. 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A fair number of the older cases have faced significant changes in the last few years, for better or for worse, and these we have captured to add to learning insights. After so many years of investigating mistakes, and more recentlyRead MoreContemporary Issues in Management Accounting211377 Words   |  846 PagesFOREWORD ‘ Michael Bromwich is an exemplar of all that is good about the British tradition of academic accounting. Serious in intent, he has striven both to illuminate practice and to provide ways of improving it. Although always appealing to his economic understandings, he has been open to a wide variety of other ideas, recognizing their intellectual strengths and capabilities rather than making artificial distinctions between what is acceptable and what is not. He also has contributed widelyRead MoreHbr When Your Core Business Is Dying74686 Words   |  299 PagesTOP-TEAM POLITICS†¦page 90 WHEN YOUR CORE BUSINESS IS DYING†¦page 66 Y GE SE PA IN DS CK R M WA A 53 www.hbr.org April 2007 58 What Your Leader Expects of You Larry Bossidy 66 Finding Your Next Core Business Chris Zook 78 Promise-Based Management: The Essence of Execution Donald N. Sull and Charles Spinosa 90 The Leadership Team: Complementary Strengths or Conï ¬â€šicting Agendas? Stephen A. Miles and Michael D. Watkins 100 Avoiding Integrity Land Mines BenRead MoreStrategic Marketing Management337596 Words   |  1351 Pagesnature of marketing The management process Strategic decisions and the nature of strategy The marketing/strategy interface Summary xi xiii 1 3 3 7 11 19 37 41 43 45 45 50 53 70 71 75 77 79 79 80 81 86 88 89 101 102 104 107 109 Stage One: Where are we now? Strategic and marketing analysis 2 Marketing auditing and the analysis of capability 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 Learning objectives Introduction Reviewing marketing effectiveness The role of SWOT analysis Competitive advantage and the value chainRead MoreStrategic Human Resource Management View.Pdf Uploaded Successfully133347 Words   |  534 Pageswhile physical assets are treated as investments. When employees are viewed as variable costs, there is little recognition of the firm’s contribution to their training or the costs of recruiting and training their replacements. Likewise, there is less incentive to provide training or make other investments in them. A respected human resource scholar described the existing state of affairs as follows: I am constantly amazed at the contrast between the concern that strategists show for potential capital

Electronic Grading System Free Essays

The purpose of this study is to support and improve the grading system of NDNI (Notre Dame of New Iloilo). The current grading system of NDNI, which uses Excel is difficult on the part of the user. Not all of the users are fully computer literate and they have to process the student grade by themselves without proper monitoring of the Principal. We will write a custom essay sample on Electronic Grading System or any similar topic only for you Order Now Moreover E. G. S (Electronic Grading System) is fixed. In response to this problem, the solution is a user- friendly program, well guided system operation. The E. G.S is a system that can help to process the grading system of NDNI. It is a system version improved by the IT Students of Notre Dame of Marbel University last 2009-2010. The flow of system is when the registrar finished initialize the user accounts of (teachers only), the registrar can import class list from the teachers record. As the imported data is gather from the teachers record, it will saved. Then the teacher can now update class record. And the registrar can view class record to monitor the performance of the teacher students. II. Project Description A . Background of the StudyThe current system of NDNI which uses Excel is difficult on the part of user. Not all the users are computer literate and they have to process the students’ grade by themselves without the proper monitoring of the Principal. The problem also in Excel is that environmental that can cause error in case the user clicked or pressed accidentally. While E. G. S is fixed to use by user. However the teacher has option to do computing manually if the E. G. S can’t support their needs. In response to this, the solution is a user-friendly program that can be accessed by the user.NDNI is currently using Excel as means of computing student grades. In terms of Excel, it is not easy to the part of the teachers’ to access the grade of the students immediately as needed, because sometimes it can cause environmental error. B. Statement of the Problem The current grading system used by NDNI in Excel. It is not easy for the part of the teacher’s to access the grade of the students. C. Objectives a. General Objectives This project aims to automate the grading system of Notre Dame of New Iloilo by providing an Electronic Grading System. b. Specific Objectives – To help the users to easily access the grades of the students. D. Significance of the Study This study is significant as stated for the following reasons: -It is user-friendly and adds convenience -Certain grading criteria can be set w/o adding formulas in every spreadsheet cell. -Faster transactions. -Easier records transfer (import and export) -Ease of accessibility E. Scope and Limitations of the Study – The coverage of the study includes entities such as Registrar and Teachers. However, the students are also included as a receiver. The proposed project is relying on the exported excel file of the students record from the teacher record. Also, it will only process the grade of the students for a period of time. Common concept for a class records are being observed and applied for this application. Registrar and Principal can view all records . The teachers can only view their own records. F. Methodology Phase I (Preliminary Investigation) †¢Conducting a survey and interview -Required to get information needed to identify and organized process of the system to be developed. †¢Define the new system objective †¢Set the scope and limitation How to cite Electronic Grading System, Papers

Power of Children in the Tourism Industry

Introduction Across the world, tourism is a major economic activity, which contributes significantly to the economic growth of many countries that have tourist attractions. Since people are social beings, they like travelling to various tourism destinations as tourists.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Power of Children in the Tourism Industry specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Since routine schedules of workplace and businesses are boring, people use tourism as a means of rejuvenating, gaining motivation, and reflecting about their lives. Over the recent past, tourism has experienced outstanding changes in terms of consumers and their preferences. One of the main entrants into the tourism and hospitality market is the set of consumers that comprise of families and young children. As opposed to the past, where fathers made major decisions concerning holiday destinations, mothers and children are now active participa nts in decision-making and even have the power to influence the choice of destinations that families visit during holidays. Therefore, the essay describes the families as potential consumers of tourism products and cites the influence that children have in choosing tourism destinations. Influence of Children in Holiday Decision Making Children are part of the family and make up an influential segment of decision makers in the family and thus they participate actively in decision-making. Remarkably, the number of families that visit tourist destinations and hospitality facilities has risen over the recent past to a significant level. The rising demand for tourism and hospitality products that cater for the needs of families has led to shifts and adjustments in various establishments, which provide tourism and hospitality products in the quest to meet family expectations.Advertising Looking for essay on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper wit h 15% OFF Learn More Some of the ways that children affect the decisions that families make on holiday destinations include their preferences, purchasing decision, buying behaviours, choice of locations, accommodations, activities, and influences from their peers. According to Blichfeldt et al. (2010), children have varied preferences in terms of location and activities, as well as the types of products that they like consuming. These differences usually determine the holiday choices of parents since they have to consider the differences when making decision about holiday destinations. Purchasing decisions and buying behaviours of children are different from that of adults. As opposed to adults, who do not engage in impulse buying, children tend to purchase various products irrespective of the holiday budget. Additionally, children love products such as snacks and games, which may not be in the set of adult preferences. Due to the existing differences in buying patterns and behaviours, families decide holiday destinations to visit based on the differences. Several hospitality and tourism establishments are currently aligning their services so that they can provide services that do not only meet requirements of adults, but also satisfy the needs of children (Kang, Hsu, Wolfe 2003). The alignment of services by hospitality and tourism facilities happens because children are currently among the major consumers of tourism products. The influence of children in families has compelled several families to visit those destinations that offer services, which match the desires of both adults and children. Children influence the choice of locations, accommodation facilities, and the type of activities that families engage in during the holiday. The influence that children exert transpires because of the diverse tastes, likes, and dislikes of adults and children.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Power of Children in the Tourism Industry spe cifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Families that are on holidays usually try to ensure that each individual in the family enjoys the holiday. Therefore, families prefer visiting a destination that has the facilities, which satisfy adult and child requirements. Theme parks, arboretums and other tourism facilities and establishments, which offer services such as face painting and bouncing castles, make up the main types of destinations that families prefer visiting. Conversely, destinations that only meet requirements of adults receive several adults as opposed to families. Philips, Canter, and Abbott (2011) argue that the numbers of hotels that provide family facilities are increasing in several tourism and hospitality establishments. The power of children in families implies that they dictate the locations that families visit, the type of accommodation facilities, and the type of activities that families undertake during the holiday. Peer influence is another factor that affects the choice of holidays among families, especially children. Since children are vulnerable to influences and coercions from their friends, they are likely to use the pressure from friends to determine holiday destination for families. Children can compel a family to visit a destination that their colleagues visit, as they need the company of their friends and peers. As a result, children are currently dictating the choices that families make concerning the locations and places to visit during holidays (Marino 2003). In some instances, families compromise their likes and preferences with a view of satisfying the needs and demands of their children. The compromise that parents make regarding their preferences and needs evidently outlines the force and power that children have on the holiday choices.Advertising Looking for essay on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Probability of Common Decision Making Due to the diverse perceptions, motives and interests towards tourism and hospitality establishments, parents and children often vary in terms of locations to visit. The variance can lead to dissatisfaction among parties in the family, who feels oppressed or undermined in line with the choice of place or holiday destination (Boterhill Haven 2003). However, there is a chance of families coming to a mutual agreement on the destination that they want to visit during the holiday. Compromise, involvement, safety, and attractions are some of the factors that families can use to achieve a common decision on the place to visit. Since it is impossible to satisfy the needs of all individuals in a family, parents can compromise and adjust their perceptions, likes, and preferences so that they ensure that their children enjoy their holiday and the choices they make. Families can involve their children in the decision-making process as it enables them to un derstand various needs and expectations that their children have concerning the choice of place to visit during holidays. Poor participation of children in families on aspects like holiday destinations results in assumptions from parents, who believe that a certain place is good for their children when children hold contrary opinions. Therefore, it is very crucial to involve all the stakeholders in the family, which are the children and parents, in holiday decision-making. When all individuals in a family take part in the decision-making process and present their opinions, feelings of satisfaction and fulfilment develops in their minds. The feelings develop because the individuals know that other people in the family respect and honour their points of view. According to Goh et al. (2010), every individual has diverse opinions and perspectives on the types of tourism products that they love consuming. Therefore, child involvement in decision-making is very instrumental in achieving a common decision in the choice of place to visit during family holidays. Safety is another factor that compels families to make a common decision as it overrides personal preferences and likes. Regardless of the tourism and hospitality products offered by a tourism attraction, insecurity renders the subject location unsuitable for tourism. Children and parents in the family opt to visit destinations, which are safe and secure for the safety of their families is crucial factor that they cannot overlook. Onder, Yoldorom, and Ozdemir (2013) explain that safety is one of the major factors that determine consumer’s choices of tourism locations. Presence of insecurity in a destination drives tourists away from the region because it is a push factor in tourism. Travel advisories, and embassies are very important in the passage of information to the society on safe locations to visit. The common agreement is obtainable in the context of safety because parents and children believe in the importance of peace and tranquillity and loathe the outcomes orchestrated by insecurity. External Factors that Prompt Holiday Decision-Making Families just like other types of tourists respond in similar ways to externalities that affect other tourists in decision-making. Some of the externalities that affect families in deciding the locations to visit include induced image of a destination, push and pull factors, pricing, and flexibility of tourism and hospitality establishments. Families are likely to visit regions or establishments that have good reputation and image. Good reputation and image emerge due to the services provided by the facilities to consumers, who market them through a word of mouth to other potential consumers (Bjork Jansson 2008). The marketing image that a destination receives from past consumers and the level of advertisement influence the willingness of consumers, especially families. It is imperative to understand that the image of a destination is dep endent on factors such as security, economy, and the interrelationships among countries that service providers cannot manipulate or change. Push and pull factors are those factors that either drive tourists away from the tourist attraction or bring them to the attraction. Goodrich (2014) asserts that the push factors scare tourists away from the attraction, while the pull factors attract tourists to an attraction. Insecurity and conflicts among countries, recession, language barriers, and the inflations are some of the push factors that increase unwillingness of families to visit certain tourist destinations. On the other hand, good relationships among countries, economic balance, and good security are among the factors that increase the willingness and the tendency of families to visit and consume tourism products in subject regions. Remarkably, push and pull factors are not within the control of service providers in the tourism and hospitality industry, and thus, they have no cont rol or power over the factors. Pricing determines the choice of destination that families choose to visit because families are among the types of tourists, who value their money and need effective utility. As opposed to past consumers, who focussed on the quantity of products that facilities offered, modern consumers emphasise on the quality of the services in relation to their attached value (Marino 2003). In this regard, consumers often go for services that promise value for their money. Costs associated with labour and raw materials determine the price charged on a good or service. The rise in cost of raw materials causes a corresponding increase in the cost of production (Ballantyne Packer 2009). The increase compels service providers to increase the cost of services that they offer. The fact that food prices and the prices of other tourist services like sightseeing and transport depend on the changes in the economy and global product prices implies that service providers have very little influence on the price. Flexibility of service providers in the tourism and hospitality industry is one of the essential factors that influence families using certain facilities and consume the services offered. If a facility is flexible, then it quickly adjusts to the prevailing consumer requirements and provides consumers with what they expect, and thus, satisfy them (Ballantyne Packer 2009). Tourism destinations also need to be flexible so that they can deliver what is best for the consumers, who comprise of children and adults. When families realise that a destination quickly adopts modern technologies and copes with their changing requirements, their willingness to visit the destination increases. According to Fuller et al. (2007), consumers in the tourism and hospitality industries are very trendy and ever changing, therefore, service providers in the industry must be flexible and adaptive. The need for flexibility in hospitality and tourism establishments is due to the changes that consumers portray in the industry, which are unstoppable, uncontrollable, and unpredictable. Conclusion In the recent past, a new type of tourism has developed in the field of tourism. The new type of tourism comprises of families, which are increasingly travelling to various destinations and consuming the services provided by the establishments of tourism and hospitality. As a new entrant in the tourism and hospitality market, families pose a challenge to the industry since they require the creation of new facilities that cater for the requirements of children and adults. Remarkably, children have also changed the choice of holiday destinations that families visit as they dictate the families to choose places that meet their needs and preferences. References Ballantyne, R, Packer, J 2009, ‘Trends in Tourism Research’, Annals of Tourism Research, vol. 36, no. 1, pp. 149-152. Bjork, P, Jansson, T 2008, ‘Travel Decision Making: The Role of Habi t’, An International Multidisciplinary Journal of Tourism, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 11-34. Blichfeldt, B, Johansen, A, Pederson, B, Hansen, L 2010, ‘Teens and Vacation Decision Making’, Journal of Tourism Consumption and Practice, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 1-20. Boterhill, D, Haven, C 2003, ‘Virtual Learning Environment in Hospitality, Leisure, Tourism, and Sport’, Journal of Hospitality, Leisure, Sport, and Tourism Education, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 75-92. Fuller, D, Wilde, S, Henlon, J, Mason, S, Armstrong, B 2007, ‘Destination Choice An Exploratory Examination of Visitor Behaviour in Coastal Tourism Destination on Australia’s East Coast’, Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 45-52. Goh, D, Ang, R, Lee, C, Lee, K 2010, ‘Determining Services for the Mobile Tourists’, Journal of Computer Information Systems, vol. 51, no. 1, pp. 31-40. Goodrich, J 2014, ‘The Relationships between Preferences and Percepti ons of Vacations, Destination: Application of a Choice Model’, Journal of Travel Research, vol. 53, no. 3, pp. 8-13. Kang, S, Hsu, C, Wolfe, K 2003, ‘Family Traveller Segmentation by Vacation Decision Making Patterns’, Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Research, vol. 27, no. 4, pp. 448-469. Marino, E 2003, ‘The Strategic Dimension of a Destination Image. An Analysis from the Italian Tourists Perceptions’, Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 47-67. Onder, E, Yoldorom, B, Ozdemir, M 2013, ‘Multi-Criteria Approach for Evaluating Tourism Destinations in Turkey’, Academic Journal of Tourism and Management Research, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 1-15. Philips, W, Canter, D, Abbott, J 2011, ‘Hospitality and Tourism Research Ranking’, Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Research, vol. 35, no. 3, pp. 381-416. This essay on Power of Children in the Tourism Industry was written and submitted by user Isabell Wilkinson to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Eritrea Today

Eritrea Today In the 1990s, great things were expected of Eritrea, then a brand new country, but today Eritrea is most often referenced in the news for the flood of refugees fleeing its authoritarian government, and the government has discouraged foreign travelers from visiting. What is the news out of Eritrea and how did it get to this point? Rise of an Authoritarian State: Eritreas recent history After a 30-year war of independence, Eritrea achieved independence from Ethiopia in 1991 and began the difficult process of state building. By 1994, the new country had held its first - and only - national elections, and Isaias Afwerki was chosen as the President of Ethiopia. Hopes for the new nation were high. Foreign governments dubbed it one of the renaissance countries of Africa expected to chart a new path away from the corruption and state failures that seemed endemic in the 1980s and 90s.   This image collapsed though by 2001, when a promised constitution and national elections both failed to materialize and the government, still under the leadership of Afwerki, began to crack down on Eritreans. Development in a Command Economy The shift to authoritarianism came during a border dispute with Ethiopia that erupted in 1998 into a two-year war. The government has cited the ongoing stalemate over the border and the need to build the state as justifications for its authoritarian policies, particularly  the much-hated national service requirement. The  border war and droughts reversed many of Eritreas earlier economic gains, and while the economy - under the governments strict controls - has grown since, its growth has been below that of sub-Saharan Africa as a whole (with the notable exceptions of 2011 and 2012, when mining boosted Eritreas growth to higher levels). That growth has not been felt equally either, and the poor economic outlook is another contributing factor to Eritreas high emigration rate. Health Improvements There are positive indicators. Eritrea is one of the few states in Africa to achieve the United Nations Millennium Development Goals 4, 5, and 6. According to the UN, they have drastically reduced infant and young child mortality (having cut mortality of children under 5 by 67%) as well as maternal mortality. Exponentially more children are getting important vaccines (a shift from 10 to 98% of children between 1990 and 2013) and more women are receiving medical care during and after delivery. There have also been reductions in HIV and TB. All of this has made Eritrea an important case study in how to implement successful change, though there are continued concerns about neonatal care and the prevalence of TB. National Service: forced labor? Since 1995, all Eritreans (men and women) are forced to enter national service when they turn 16. Initially, they were expected to serve for 18 months, but the government stopped releasing conscripts in 1998 and in 2002, made the term of service indefinite.   New recruits receive military training and education, and afterwards are tested. The select few who score well enter coveted positions, but still have no choice about their occupations or wages. Everyone else is sent into what are described as menial and degrading jobs with extremely low pay, as part of an economic development plan named  Warsai-Yikealo. Punishments for infractions and evasions are also extreme; some say they are torture.   According to Gaim Kibreab the involuntary, indefinite nature of service, coerced through threat of punishment, qualifies as forced labor, and therefore is, according to international conventions, a modern form of slavery, as many in the news have described it. Eritrea in the News: Refugees (and cyclists) Events in Eritrea have gained international attention largely due to the large numbers of Eritrean refugees seeking asylum in neighboring countries and Europe. Eritrean emigrants and youth have also at high risk of human trafficking. Those who manage to escape and establish themselves elsewhere send back much-needed remittances and have sought to raise awareness about and concern for the plight of Eritreans. While refugees by nature represent the disaffected within a country, their claims have been borne out by third party studies. In a very different note, in July 2015, Eritrean cyclists strong performance in the  Tour de France  brought positive media coverage to the country, highlighting its strong cycling culture. The Future While it is believed that opposition to Aswerkis government is high, there is no clear alternative in place and analysts do not see change coming in the near future. Sources: Kibreab, Gaim. Forced Labour in Eritrea.  Journal of Modern African Studies  47.1 (March 2009): 41-72. United Nations Development Project, Eritrea Abridged MDG Report, Abridged Version, September 2014. Woldemikael, Tekle M. Introduction: postliberation Eritrea. Africa Today 60.2 (2013)

Formality on ACT English Strategies and Tips

Formality on ACT English Strategies and Tips SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips You wouldn’t wear a tux on a first date or jeans to a wedding. The ACT also tests you on whether or not you understand what level of formality is appropriate in different circumstances. Read on to learn more about one of the most unusual topics covered on the ACT! Formality questions are some of the least common on ACT English, so you shouldn't be too concerned about this topic. Nonetheless, in this article, I'll cover everything you need to know to tackle any formality questions you might see: What is formality and how is it tested on the ACT? The"normal" level of formality on the ACT Key signs of a formality error Examples of formalityissues Top tips for tackling formality questions on ACT English What Is Formality on the ACT? â€Å"Formality† refers to the idea that different textsare written with different audiences in mind, sosome are more casual whileothers are more formal. Usually, ACT English passages are written very similarly to a textbook or a newspaper article. You will notice that the author usually doesn't talk as if the reader is his best friend nor does he speak as if drafting a speech to read in front of Congress. The key to formality questions is that your answer choicesshould follow the patterns laid out by the original author. What Do "Normal" ACT English Passages Look Like? Passages on the ACT fall into the middle of the formality scale. There are two main types of passages that you will see: factual/historical passages and personal narratives. The example belowis what a factual/historical passage looks like. You will notice that it is written in a very straightforward fashion, similar to what you might see in a high school textbook or a newspaper. Benjamin Banneker, African American inventor and astronomer, grew up on his family's farm in colonial Maryland. Though he had limited access to formal education, Banneker nevertheless demonstrated a keen curiosity and a consuming interest in acquiring knowledge. The personal narratives may seem slightly more casual than the factual/historical passages: they are written in the first person (using the pronoun "I") and include more contractions. However, overall they're still in the middle on the formality scale. If you see overly casual language, such as slang, it will also be incorrect here. I live with my father in the summer, when I'm on vacation from school. Last week, he told me he had to go on a business trip in connection with his work and that I'd be staying with his sister for three days. Although I love my aunt, I wasn't happy about the prospect of three days at her house with nothing to do. It turns out I was in for a surprise. Now that you know what ACT English passagesshould look like, let's discuss why formality questions can be difficult and some strategies to attack them. What Makes Formality Questions Difficult? Formality questions can trip up some test takers because they are all about style, not grammar. In fact, the incorrect answer choices for these questions will usually be grammatically correct! Furthermore, there are no specific rules you can learn that will let you answer these questions correctly every time. Understanding the formality level of writingis a skillthat you acquire over the long term, through reading lots of different kinds of documents in English and learning how people communicate to different audiences. As such, these questions arelikely to be most difficult for non-native speakers of English. Despite the challenges posed by formality question, there are some signs you can look for in order to see if a phraseor sentence is written too casually and is therefore incorrect. What Are Some Signs of Overly Casual Language? The following types of language generally signal an overly casual style and, thus, a wrong answer: Slang.Slang isa word or phrase that has a cultural meaning different fromits literal meaning. Examples include "cool," "sketchy," and "crush." Vague language.Ideas could be expressed much more clearly and directly, with more detail. Wordy language.Oftentimes, casual language will take more words than necessary to make a point. Unnecessary commentary.When an author writes casually, they may alsoadd unnecessary comments, such as personal thoughts or opinions about the topic. Beware of slang. What Are Some Examples of Formality Issues? Here is an example of a few sentences written with mid-level formality, whichis the type of writing that is normal on ACT English. Although Tolstoy preached abstinence to his many followers, he actually had thirteen children of his own. His wife, Sofia, was offended by his stories that insulted their married life and implied that she had been unfaithful to him. And here are the same sentences written more casually. If you see something written this casually, it will always be incorrect on ACT English. Tolstoy told his followers that they shouldn’t have lots of kids, but actually he had a load of his own. Unfortunately for him, his wife, Sofia, got pissed off when he implied through a story that their marriage was a sham and that she had been messing around. Can you spot the key signs mentioned above? Slang: â€Å"a load of his own," â€Å"got pissed off," â€Å"messing around† Vague and lacking detail: â€Å"a load of his own† Wordiness: â€Å"that they shouldn’t have lots of kids† instead of â€Å"abstinence† Unnecessary commentary: â€Å"Unfortunately for him† The ACT won’t usually be this obvious with their errors. But now that you know what mistakes to look for, keep an eye out when you think you’re being asked a formality question! Top Tips for Formality Questions on ACT English #1: Remember that all ACT passages will be in the middle on the formality scale. While it's technically possible for a passage to be written more formally or casually,we have never seen an example of this actually occurring on the ACT. #2:Eliminate grammatically incorrect answers first. Formality questions are extremely rare, so you shouldn't rule out answers based on their level of formality until you're certain there aren't any other errors in the choices. Always focus on grammatical errors and more common style errors like redundancy and relevancefirst, and only worry about using formality to narrow down your choices if you don't see those other types of issues. #3: Cross out any answers that strike you as overly formal or overly casual. If you're reading a sentence that sounds like something you might say to a friend, then it iscasual. These choices may strike you as colloquial and friendly, or may use the signs of casual language that we discussed above. If you see an answerchoice with these qualities, it will be incorrect. On the flip side, if a sentence or answer choice seems quite stuffy and high-brow for the ACT, then it'soverly formal.These options will also beincorrect because they don't match the rest of the passage. #4: Re-read the sentence with your answer choice. Does it seem to flow? Make sure that your answer seems to fit in with the rest of the sentence. Remember passages will be written in the middle of the formality scale. Let’s Look at an Example Together In 1970, the school board in Pittsfield, New Hampshire, approved a dress code that prohibited students from wearing certain types of clothing. The school board members believed that wearing â€Å"play clothes† to school made the students inefficient toward their school work, while more formal attire established a positive educational climate. A. NO CHANGEB. lazy and bored to tears withC. blow offD. lax and indifferent toward As I'm reading through this passage, it feels like it is at a standard formality level for the ACT. The language is not overly complex and flowery nor is it extremely casual. Let’s start withthe underlined section. â€Å"Inefficient toward† is idiomatically incorrect, so A is out. (Idiomatic errors can be tricky to detect - see our article on them here.) Nowlet’s turn to the answers. Option B uses the phrase â€Å"bored to tears." This expression is a very casual phrase used to express extreme boredom. It’s far too casual to fit with the rest of the paragraph, so we can eliminate B. Similarly, the phrase â€Å"blow off† in C is slang, whichdoesn’t fit in with the formality of the rest of the passage. We can rule out C as well. D is the only option that’s left. When you put it in the sentence, it reads, â€Å"The school board members believed that wearing â€Å"play clothes† to school made the students lax and indifferent toward their school work, while more formal attire established a positive educational climate.† This option matches the rest of the paragraph in formality, and it’s also grammatically and idiomatically correct. Therefore, D is the correct choice. Here Are Some Practice Questions to Try on Your Own! Choose the answer that correctly completes each sentence, paying particular attention to formality. I've explained the answers at the end of the article. Smith’s example has inspired architects to donate their skills towards charitable projects. (1) Since 1998, the Association of Professional Contractors has presented an annual award recognizing the professional who best showcases a spirit of giving and community service. In 2004, the award was renamed the Robert Smith award. His parents, who were so instrumental in Smith’s professional success, were bursting with pride. (2) While Smith’s architectural achievements remain prominent in Chicago for passersby to enjoy, it’s really great that the effects (3) of his generosity continue to make an impact and inspire others to follow his example. 1. A. NO CHANGE B. into projects that are really good for other people C. into charitable projects D. to charitable projects 2. A. NO CHANGE B. were super proud C. were proud of their son D. were appreciative of the illustrious honor bestowed upon their son 3. A. NO CHANGE B. the effects C. it is good that the effects D. DELETE the underlined portion Answers: 1. D; 2. C; 3. B Explanations: 1. As written, the sentence is idiomatically incorrect. We say that we "donate to," not "donate towards." Therefore, D is going to be the correct answer. But even if that didn't jump out at you right away (idioms can be difficult!) there was at least one answer choice that you could have eliminated: choice B. This answer is an example of unnecessary wordiness, which is one of the signs of overly casual language. The other choices all use the word "charitable," which succinctly describes the projects being donated to. Choice B, in contrast, says "projects that are really good for other people." Though this means the same thing, it is a much longer and more casual way of expressing the information, so this answer is incorrect. 2. As written, this sentence usesoverly casual language. "Bursting with pride" is slang - it has an implied meaning that is differentfrom its literal meaning (I hope his parents weren't literally exploding!). Choice B is also slang. The real definition of "super" is "good or excellent," but here it is used to mean "very" - which is a common casual use of the word. On the other hand, choice D is too formal - it uses unnecessarily formal words (and is also too wordy!) to express a simple idea. Choice C is the best answer here. It's grammatically correct, and also directly and succintly completes the sentence without being too casual or too formal. 3. Here's another example of a too casual sentence. Can you see which trap of casual language it's falling into? It has unnecessary commentary. It's very casual for the author of the passage to tell us that he thinks "it's really great." We can rule outA. Looking at the answer choices, you can see that C falls into the same trap, by telling us that "it is good." We're down to B or D. D suggests that we should delete the underlined portion. However, if you read the sentence with the underlined portion eliminated, it's obvious that you create a fragment. Therefore the answer is B, which states the information clearly and directly, is grammatically correct, and is in the middle of the formality scale. What’s Next? Now that you know how to tackle one of the trickier subjects on the ACT English, try another: here is how to take on idioms on the ACT. Not sure what else you’ll be up against? Here is a full breakdown of what you will find on ACT English. Aiming high? Here are some top tips to get a 36 on ACT English. Want to improve your ACT score by 4 points? Check out our best-in-class online ACT prep program. We guarantee your money back if you don't improve your ACT score by 4 points or more. Our program is entirely online, and it customizes what you study to your strengths and weaknesses. If you liked this English lesson, you'll love our program.Along with more detailed lessons, you'll get thousands ofpractice problems organized by individual skills so you learn most effectively. We'll also give you a step-by-step program to follow so you'll never be confused about what to study next. Check out our 5-day free trial:

BYD Company analyse Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

BYD Company analyse - Essay Example Furthermore, the organisation has also marked its presence in the automobile industry during the year 2003 and since, then this Strategic Business Unit (SBU) has witnessed a robust growth. In the current day context, the organisation has also earned the reputation of being the fastest growing automobile organisation during the last few years. It also has been the global pioneer in manufacturing energy vehicles, which includes pure electric models and Dual Mode electric models (BYD Company Limited 2015). In is also worth mentioning that the organisational growth is largely because of the development of Research and Development (R&D) team of the organisation. The R&D team of the organisation has largely contributed in the development of energy storage system, LED lighting, and solar energy products, amongst others (BYD Company Limited 2015). Contextually, the objective of the current study is to prepare a business report that would guide the organisation in effective expansion in the c ontinent of Europe by targeting the car market operating in Germany. Analysis of the macro and microenvironment of European hybrid-car industry is extremely important for the current study. However, in the study special emphasis is provided to the German market. In order to conduct effective environment analysis, PESTEL and Porter’s Five Forces analysis are considered most suitable to increase the transparency and ensure effective development. Therefore, the underlying subheads address the analyses of the external as well as internal environment using these marketing tools. Alike most of the nations in Europe, Germany is also a democratic nation. It is notable that the political environment of Germany along with other nations of Europe is mostly stable. This considerably encourages investors from different nations to invest in European nations including Germany (Jerez-Mir and Vazquez 2009). Besides these, it is notable that the governments of